Are you sure this shouldn't be titled "
Rip United States of America (1776-2013)?"
An invasion of Canada in 2013 would be futile and either end rather quickly with the defeat of the US, or drawn out over years, perhaps even decades.
The reasoning for this is rather simple, in-spite of the disproportionate population (and in that case armed forces) of the two nations (which of course the US is larger), Canada has a number of things going for them, most obvious is the fact that they're a part of the Commonwealth of Nations and most importantly, recognise the Queen at the top.
As such one would expect any existing peace/defensive treaties between the US and UK to become obsolete with the UK declaring war on the US.
Australia and New Zealand might logically follow and break ties with the US, as would much of the Commonwealth for that matter, if not physically supportive, then at least acknowledging their support for the underdog Canada.
The Arab world would be outraged, if it wasn't dealt with first. After all, if one can't be peaceful with their neighbours, how can they be peaceful with people 1000's of miles away.
The UK and it's allies would immediately take over US territories outside of the US wherever possible in an effort to confine the conflict in the Canadian/US region.
Much of Europe will most likely support Canada, but it would be the French who actively send troops, whether it be main forces of elements of the Foreign Legion.
The threat of Nuclear conflict will be null as international law/condemnation would prohibit it, the US should be logical to avoid this even if the war is not going to their favour, Canada lacking nuclear weapons will not be part of such a conflict, nor will their potential allies the UK or France be wanting to use their arsenals (after all they are not the aggressors here).
As such war will be fought conventionally, with regular forces. Much of the civilian population will not be targeted, but like in most conflicts, expect there to be collateral damage of some kind.
The war, should there be one, will effectively end with the US losing against a multi-national task force. Post war, the US will be split up amongst the main "Allies" much like how Germany was post World War II. De-American-Imperialism or whatever will occur. The American citizens will be reeducated with regards to being peaceful with their neighbours. Within 10 or so years, a new America will be formed, with perhaps some forced territory concessions to Canada.
In simple, even though Canada would face overwhelming odds against their world power of a neighbour, the US, it would be much of the world itself that would ally themselves with Canada, whether it be due to historical ties, or if they consider the whole underdog concept. In the end, no matter how long the war is, it's the US' to lose.
Edited by Lord David, 17 September 2010 - 02:29 AM.